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آرمينيائي ٻولي

ڳنڍڻن کي سنواريو
کليل ڄاڻ چيڪلي، وڪيپيڊيا مان
آرمينيائي ٻولي
հայերէն/հայերեն hayeren
ٻولي جو وطنآرمينيا ۽ ارتسخ جمهوريه (ڊي فيڪٽو)
نسلآرمينيائي ماڻھو
ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ
67 لک[1]
هند۔يورپي
  • آرمينيائي ٻولي
پراڻيون صورتون
پروٽو آرمينيائي ٻولي
  • ڪلاسيڪي آرمينيائي ٻولي
    • وچولي آرمينيائي ٻولي
معياري صورتون
اوڀرندي آرمينيائي ٻولي
اولھندي آرمينيائي ٻولي
  • آرمينيائي ٻولي جي لپي
  • آرمينيائي بريل
سرڪاري حيثيت
سرڪاري ٻولي وغيره
اقليت جي
ٻولي 
List
ريگيوليٽر ٻولي جو ادارو: آرمينين نيشنل اڪيڊمي آف سائنسز[30]
ٻولي جا ڪوڊ
ISO 639-1hy
ISO 639-2arm (B)
hye (T)
ISO 639-3Variously:
hye – اوڀرندي آرمينيائي ٻولي
hyw – اولھندي آرمينيائي ٻولي
xcl – ڪلاسيڪي آرمينيائي ٻولي
axm – وچولي آرمينيائي ٻولي
گلوٽولوگarme1241[31]
لنگاسفيئر57-AAA-a
ڏکڻ قفقاز واري علائقي ۾ آرمينئائي ٻولي ڳالھائيندڙن جي تقسيم واري موجودہ صورتحال
  اڪثريت جي سرڪاري ٻولي
  تسليم ٿيل اقليتي ٻولي
  آرمينيائي ڳالھائيندڙن جو نمايان تعداد
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آرمينيائي ٻولي (Arminian language) ھڪ هند-يورپي ٻولي آھي. اھا آرمينيائي شاخ جي واحد ٻولي آھي. ھن وقت، اها جمهوريه آرمينيا ۽ ارتسخ جي جمهوريه (ڊي فيڪٽو) جي سرڪاري ۽ قومي ٻولي آهي. تاريخي طور تي اھا ٻولي پوري آرمينيائي مٿاھين پٽن ۾ ڳالھائي ويندي هئي. ھن ٻولي جي لکڻ جي طريقو الڳ آھي، جن کي آرمينيائي لپي سڏين ٿا جن کي ھڪ پادري، ميسروپ ماشٽاٽس سال 405ع ۾ تيار ڪيو ھو.

تاريخ

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آرمينيائي ٻولي هند-يورپي ٻولي خاندان سان تعلق رکندڙ ھڪ الڳ ٻولي آھي.[32] ٻولين جي ڪجهه ماھرن جو خيال آهي ته آرمينيائي ٻولي يوناني ٻولي ۽ ترڪي جي اناطوليه علائقي جي فريجيئين ٻولي ۽ هند-ايراني ٻولي لھجي جي لحاظ کان وڌيڪَ ويجھي آھي.[33][34][35][36] لھجي جي ان مفروضاتي گروہ منجھ پروٽو آرمينيائي ٻولي کي پروٽو يوناني ۽ پروٽو هند-ايراني ٻولين جي وچ ۾ رکيو ويو آھي.[37] رونالڊ آء. ڪم (Ronald I. Kim) وري بلڪل انوکو بناوٽي جوڙجڪ درج ڪيو آهي، جن جي مطابق آرمينيائي ٻولي جو تعلق بالٽو-سلاوڪ ٻولين سان آھي.[38] آرمينيا ٻين صدي قبل مسيح کان وٺي آڄوڪي دؤر تائين ھڪ ٻولي ڳالھائيندڙن جو ديس رھيو آھي.[39] ھن ٻوليء جي تاريخ لکت ۾ بہ تمام پراڻي آھي. پنجين صدي عيسويءَ ۾ بائيبل جو ھن ٻوليء ۾ ترجمو پراڻي آرمينيائي ٻولي جو ھڪ محفوظ مسودو آھي. لغت ۾ تاريخي طور تي ھن ٻولي وچولي ايراني ٻولين جھڙوڪ پارٿي ٻولي، فارسي ٻولي، سرياني ٻولي کان وڌيڪَ متاثر ٿيل آھي. جديد ادبي لکت پڙھت جي معيارن سان موافقت رکندڙ ھن ٻوليء جا ٻہ نمونا؛ اوڀرندي آرمينيائي ٻولي ۽ اولھندي آرمينيائي ٻولي آهن، جنهن جي ذريعي لڳ ڀڳ ھن دؤر جا سمورا لھجا باھمي طور تي قابل فھم آھن.[40][41][42]

جاگرافيائي ورڇ

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حيثيت ۽ استعمال

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صوتيات

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مورفولوجي

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لهجا

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آرٿوگرافي

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لفظ

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نموني جو متن

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پڻ ڏسو

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حوالا

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  1. ↑ اوڀرندي آرمينيائي ٻولي at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    اولھندي آرمينيائي ٻولي at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    ڪلاسيڪي آرمينيائي ٻولي at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    وچولي آرمينيائي ٻولي at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ↑ "THE ARMENIAN LANGUAGE AS AN ENDANGERED LANGUAGE IN EUROPE: A contribution to the European Roadmap for Linguistic Diversity" (PDF). agbueurope.org. AGBU Europe. 2015. اصل نسخو (PDF) مان 14 December 2019 تي محفوظ ڪيل. Western Armenian has an official status as a minority language in several EU countries, including Cyprus, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Poland.
  3. ↑ "Western Armenian – Cypriot Arabic: new century, new speakers?". ec.europa.eu. European Commission. 21 February 2017. Dedicated to the two officially recognized minority languages of Cyprus, the event will focus on the teaching aspect of Western Armenian and Cypriot Arabic as mother tongues.
  4. ↑ Hadjilyra, Alexander - Michael. "The Armenians of Cyprus" (PDF). publications.gov.cy. Press and Information Office, Republic of Cyprus. ص. 15. اصل نسخو (PDF) مان 14 December 2019 تي محفوظ ڪيل. According to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages of the Council of Europe, Armenian was recognised as a minority language of Cyprus as of 1 December 2002.
  5. ↑ Kenesei, István (2009). "Minority languages in Hungary" (PDF). efnil.org. European Federation of National Institutions for Language. اصل نسخو (PDF) مان 14 December 2019 تي محفوظ ڪيل. As far as indigenous (autochthonous) minority languages are concerned, Hungarian legislation acknowledges the languages in the following list [...]: Armenian, Boyash, Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Polish, Romani, Romanian, Ruthenian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian, and Hungarian Sign Language (HSL).
  6. ↑ "Iraqi Constitution: Article 4" (PDF). The Republic of Iraq Ministry of Interior General Directorate for Nationality. اصل نسخو (PDF) مان 28 November 2016 تي محفوظ ڪيل. 16 June 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل. The right of Iraqis to educate their children in their mother tongue, such as Turkmen, Syriac, and Armenian shall be guaranteed in government educational institutions in accordance with educational guidelines, or in any other language in private educational institutions.
  7. ↑ Zych, Maciej. "New Polish legislation regarding national, ethnic and linguistic minorities" (PDF). gugik.gov.pl. Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography of Poland. ص. 2. اصل نسخو (PDF) مان 14 December 2019 تي محفوظ ڪيل. There are 9 national minorities: Belorussian, Czech, Lithuanian, German, Armenian, Russian, Slovak, Ukrainian and Jewish; and 4 ethnic minorities - Karait, Lemko, Roma and Tartar.
  8. ↑ Pisarek, Walery (2009). "The relationship between official and minority languages in Poland" (PDF). efnil.org. European Federation of National Institutions for Language. ص. 118. اصل نسخو (PDF) مان 14 December 2019 تي محفوظ ڪيل. In a Statement made by the Republic of Poland with relation to the ratification of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Belarusian, Czech, Hebrew, Yiddish, Karaim, Kashubian, Lithuanian, Lemkian, German, Armenian, Romani, Russian, Slovak, Tatar and Ukrainian were recognized as minority languages.
  9. ↑ Saramandu, Nicolae; Nevaci, Manuela (2009). "MULTILINGVISM ŞI LIMBI MINORITARE ÎN ROMÂNIA [MULTILINGUALISM AND MINORITY LANGUAGES IN ROMANIA]" (PDF) (روماني ۾). Institute of Linguistics "Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti", Romanian Academy. ص. 25. În cazul României, 10 limbi beneficiază de protecţie generală (albaneză, armeană, greacă, italiană, idiş, macedoneană, poloneză, romani, ruteană, tătară) şi 10 limbi beneficiază de protecţie sporită (bulgară, cehă, croată, germană, maghiară, rusă, sârbă, slovacă, turcă, ucraineană).
  10. ↑ "Law of Ukraine "On Principles of State Language Policy" (Current version – Revision from 01.02.2014)". Document 5029-17, Article 7: Regional or minority languages Ukraine, Paragraph 2 (يوڪراني ۾). rada.gov.ua. 1 February 2014. 30 April 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل. Стаття 7. Регіональні мови або мови меншин України [...] 2. У контексті Європейської хартії регіональних мов або мов меншин до регіональних мов або мов меншин України, до яких застосовуються заходи, спрямовані на використання регіональних мов або мов меншин, що передбачені у цьому Законі, віднесені мови: російська, білоруська, болгарська, вірменська, гагаузька, ідиш, кримськотатарська, молдавська, німецька, новогрецька, польська, ромська, румунська, словацька, угорська, русинська, караїмська, кримчацька.
  11. ↑ {Armenian has no legal status in Samtske-Javakheti, but it is widely spoken by its Armenian population, which is concentrated in Ninotsminda and Akhalkalaki districts (over 90% of the total population in these two districts).}
  12. ↑ Hille, Charlotte (2010). State Building and Conflict Resolution in the Caucasus. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Publishers. ص. 241. ISBN 9789004179011.
  13. ↑ {There were 144 state-funded schools in the region as of 2010 where Armenian is the main language of instruction.}
  14. ↑ "Javakhk Armenians Looks Ahead to Local Elections". Asbarez. 31 March 2010. اصل نسخو مان 25 May 2017 تي محفوظ ڪيل. 26 May 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل. Javakheti for use in the region's 144 Armenian schools ...
  15. ↑ Mezhdoyan, Slava (28 November 2012). "Challenges and problems of the Armenian community of Georgia" (PDF). Tbilisi: European Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy. 26 May 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل. Armenian schools in Georgia are fully funded by the government ...
  16. ↑ {The Lebanese government recognizes Armenian as a minority language, particularly for educational purposes.}
  17. ↑ "About Lebanon". Central Administration of Statistics of the Republic of Lebanon. اصل نسخو مان 26 May 2014 تي محفوظ ڪيل. Other Languages: French, English and Armenian
  18. ↑ "Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties Under Article 44 of the Convention. Third periodic reports of states parties due in 2003: Lebanon" (PDF). Committee on the Rights of the Child. 25 October 2005. ص. 108. 26 May 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل. Right of minorities to learn their language. The Lebanese curriculum allows Armenian schools to teach the Armenian language as a basic language.
  19. ↑ Sanjian, Ara. "Armenians and the 2000 Parliamentary Elections in Lebanon". Armenian News Network / Groong. University of Southern California. اصل نسخو مان 26 May 2014 تي محفوظ ڪيل. Moreover, the Lebanese government approved a plan whereby the Armenian language was to be considered from now on as one of the few 'second foreign languages' that students can take as part of the official Lebanese secondary school certificate (Baccalaureate) exams.
  20. ↑ {In education, according to the Treaty of Lausanne}
  21. ↑ Saib, Jilali (2001). "Languages in Turkey". ۾ Extra, Guus; Gorter, Durk (مرتب). The Other Languages of Europe: Demographic, Sociolinguistic and Educational Perspectives. Philadelphia: Multilingual Matters. ص. 423. ISBN 9781853595097. No other language can be taught as a mother language other than Armenian, Greek and Hebrew, as agreed in the Lausanne Treaty ...
  22. ↑ Okçabol, Rıfat (2008). "Secondary Education in Turkey". ۾ Nohl, Arnd-Michael; Akkoyunlu-Wigley, Arzu; Wigley, Simon (مرتب). Education in Turkey. Berlin: Waxmann Verlag. ص. 65. ISBN 9783830970699. Private Minority Schools are the school established by Greek, Armenian and Hebrew minorities during the era of the Ottoman Empire and covered by Lausanne Treaty.
  23. ↑ {Various state government agencies in California provide Armenian translations of their documents, namely the California Department of Social Services,California Department of Motor Vehicles,> California superior courts.}
  24. ↑ "Armenian Translations". California Department of Social Services. اصل نسخو مان 26 May 2014 تي محفوظ ڪيل.
  25. ↑ "Վարորդների ձեռնարկ [Driver's Manual]" (PDF). California Department of Motor Vehicles. 2016. October 29, 2016 تي حاصل ڪيل.
  26. ↑ "English/Armenian Legal Glossary" (PDF). Superior Court of California, County of Sacramento. 22 June 2005. 26 May 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل.
  27. ↑ { In the city of Glendale, there are street signs in Armenian}
  28. ↑ Rocha, Veronica (11 January 2011). "New Glendale traffic safety warnings in English, Armenian, Spanish". Los Angeles Times. 26 May 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل.
  29. ↑ Aghajanian, Liana (4 September 2012). "Intersections: Bad driving signals a need for reflection". Glendale News-Press. اصل نسخو مان 25 May 2017 تي محفوظ ڪيل. 26 May 2014 تي حاصل ڪيل. ...trilingual street signs in English, Armenian, and Spanish at intersections... {{cite news}}: More than one of |archivedate= and |archive-date= specified (مدد); More than one of |archiveurl= and |archive-url= specified (مدد); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (مدد)
  30. ↑ "H. Acharian Institute of Language". sci.am. اصل نسخو مان 5 October 2014 تي محفوظ ڪيل. Main Fields of Activity: investigation of the structure and functioning, history and comparative grammar of the Armenian language, exploration of the literary Eastern and Western Armenian Language, dialectology, regulation of literary language, development of terminology
  31. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, مرتب (2016). "آرميني (آرمينڪ)". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (مدد); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (مدد)
  32. ↑ "Armenian language". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  33. ↑ Handbook of Formal Languages (1997) p. 6.
  34. ↑ Indo-European tree with Armeno-Aryan, exclusion of Greek
  35. ↑ Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Benjamin W. Fortson, John Wiley and Sons, 2009, p383.
  36. ↑ Hans J. Holm (2011): “Swadesh lists” of Albanian Revisited and Consequences for its position in the Indo-European Languages. The Journal of Indo-European Studies, Volume 39, Number 1&2.
  37. ↑ Hrach Martirosyan. The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian. Journal of Language Relationship • Вопросы языкового родства • 10 (2013) • Pp. 85—137
  38. ↑ Kim, Ronald (2018). "Greco-Armenian: The persistence of a myth". Indogermanische Forschungen (The University of British Columbia Library). doi:10.1515/if-2018-0009. https://www.academia.edu/37844906. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  39. ↑ Strabo, Geographica, XI, 14, 5; Հայոց լեզվի համառոտ պատմություն, Ս. Ղ. Ղազարյան։ Երևան, 1981, էջ 33 (Concise History of Armenian Language, S. Gh. Ghazaryan. Yerevan, 1981, p. 33).
  40. ↑ Adalian, Rouben Paul (2010). Historical Dictionary of Armenia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ص. 396. ISBN 978-0-8108-7450-3. Although mutually intelligible, eastern Armenian preserved classical phonology, whereas western Armenian demonstrated sound loss among closely related consonants.
  41. ↑ Baliozian, Ara (1975). The Armenians: Their History and Culture. Kar Publishing House. ص. 65. There are two main dialects: Eastern Armenian (Soviet Armenia, Persia), and Western Armenian (Middle East, Europe, and America) . They are mutually intelligible.
  42. ↑ Campbell, George (2003). "Armenian, Modern Standard". Concise Compendium of the World's Languages. Routledge. ص. 33. ISBN 9781134720279. This second form is known as Western Armenian; Eastern Armenian is the written and spoken language used in the CIS. The two forms are mutually intelligible, indeed very close to each other.

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