خالد بن وليد
خالد بن وليد رضي الله تعالي عنه (عربي: خالد بن الوليد بن المغيرة المخزومي؛ وفات: 642ع) ستين صدي جا عرب فوجي ڪمانڊر هئا. هن ابتدا ۾ قريش جي طرفان رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم جي خلاف مهمن جي اڳواڻي ڪئي. هو بعد ۾ مسلمان ٿيو ۽ پنهنجي ڪيريئر جو باقي حصو رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم ۽ پهرين ٻن راشدين خليفن: حضرت ابوبڪر ۽ عمر (رضي الله عنهم) جي خدمت ۾ گذاريو. خالد 632-633ع ۾ عرب ۾ باغي قبيلن جي خلاف ردا جي جنگ، 633-634ع ۾ ساساني عراق ۾ ابتدائي مهمن ۽ 634-638ع ۾ بازنطيني شام جي فتح ۾ اهم ڪمانڊ ڪردار ادا ڪيو.
As a horseman of the Quraysh's aristocratic Banu Makhzum clan, which ardently opposed Muhammad, Khalid played an instrumental role in defeating Muhammad and his followers during the Battle of Uhud in 625. In 627 or 629, he converted to Islam in the presence of Muhammad, who inducted him as an official military commander among the Muslims and gave him the title of سانچو:Transliteration (سانچو:Literal translation). During the Battle of Mu'ta, Khalid coordinated the safe withdrawal of Muslim troops against the Byzantines. He also led the Bedouins under the Muslim army during the Muslim conquest of Mecca in 629–630 and the Battle of Hunayn in 630. After Muhammad's death, Khalid was appointed to Najd and al-Yamama with the purpose of suppressing or subjugating Arab tribes, who were opposed to the nascent Muslim state; this campaign culminated in Khalid's victory over Arab rebel leaders Tulayha and Musaylima at the Battle of Buzakha in 632 and the Battle of Yamama in 633, respectively.
Khalid subsequently launched campaigns against the predominantly Christian Arab tribes and the Sasanian Persian garrisons along the Euphrates valley in Iraq. Abu Bakr later reassigned him to command the Muslim armies in Syria, where he led his forces on an unconventional march across a long, waterless stretch of the Syrian Desert, further solidifying his reputation as a brilliant military strategist. As a result of decisive victories led by Khalid against the Byzantines at Ajnadayn (634), Fahl (634 or 635), Damascus (634–635), and the Yarmouk (636), the Rashidun army conquered most of the Levant. Khalid was subsequently demoted and removed from the army's high command by Umar. Khalid continued service as the key lieutenant of his successor Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah in the sieges of Homs and Aleppo and the Battle of Qinnasrin, all in 637–638. These engagements collectively precipitated the retreat of imperial Byzantine troops from Syria under Emperor Heraclius. Around 638, Umar dismissed Khalid from the governorship of Jund Qinnasrin. Khalid died in 642, either in Medina or Homs.
Khalid is widely regarded by historians as a highly skilled and influential military commander, particularly noted for his role in the early Muslim conquests. Celebrated for his strategic acumen and leadership, he remains a prominent figure in Islamic history. However, his career was not without controversy, with debates surrounding incidents such as his actions against the Banu Jadhima tribe and the execution of Malik ibn Nuwayra. His growing fame prompted concern among some early Muslims, notably Umar, who cautioned against the potential development of a personality cult.