اسلامي تاريخ جو خاڪو

اسلامي تاريخ جو هي خاڪو اسلام جي تاريخ ۾ انگريزي ۽ اسلامي ڪئلينڊرن سان لاڳاپيل آهي. هي خاڪو نبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم جي زندگيءَ سان شروع ٿئي ٿو، جيڪا غير مسلمن مطابق اسلام جي شروعات آهي، ^[1] پر مسلمانن مطابق اسلام شروع کان الله جو چونڊيل دين آهي.^[2] ^[3]

501 کان 600ع

هيءَ صدي هجرت کان تقريباً 126 کان 23 سال اڳ واري آهي.

570ع:عام الفيل (هاٿي جو سال): نبي سڳوري صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم جي ولادت کان 50 کان 60 ڏينهن اڳ، يمن جو حاڪم، ابرهه ڪعبي کي ڊاهڻ لاءِ پنهنجي هاٿين جي فوج سان گڏ مڪي پهتو.
570ع: ميلاد النبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم.
573ع: حضرت ابوبڪر صديق، سندس سسر ۽ بزرگ ساٿي جي ولادت.
576ع: آمنه بنت وھب، نبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم جي ماءُ جي وفات (تقريبن جي تاريخ).

576ع: حضرت عثمان بن عفان، نبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم جو ٻه ڀيرا داماد، جي ولادت.

578ع: عبدالمطلب، نبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم جي ڏاڏي جي وفات (تقريبن جي تاريخ).

579 کان 582ع: نبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم پنهنجي چاچي، ابو طالب سان گڏ شام جو سفر ڪيو. اتي، "بحيره" نالي جو هڪ عيسائي راهب، دعويٰ ڪري ٿو ته محمد وٽ هڪ ابراهيمي نبيءَ جو نشان آهي (تقريبن تاريخ).
582ع: حضرت عمر بن خطاب، سندس سسر ۽ بزرگ صحابي جي ولادت.
594ع: محمد بي بي خديجه جي ملڪ، شام جي طرف واپاري قافلي جي اڳواڻي ڪئي ۽ واپس آيا (تقريبن تاريخ).
595ع: محمد جي شادي بي بي خديجه سان گڏ ٿي (تقريبن تاريخ).
598: محمد ۽ بي بي خديجه جي پهرين ٻار، قاسم بن محمد جي پيدائش.
599ع: حضرت علي بن ابي طالب، محمد جو سوٽ ۽ داماد، بي بي فاطمه زهرا جو مڙس، جي ولادت مڪي شهر ۾ ٿي.
600ع: محمد ۽ خديجه جي وڏي ڌيءَ ۽ ٻيو ٻار زينب جي پيدائش.
600ع: نبي صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم جي پهرئين پٽ، قاسم جي وفات.

601 کان 700ع

601 کان 622ع

هي صدي تقريباً 23 هجري کان 81 هجري کان مطابقت رکي ٿي.

602: محمد جي ٽئين ٻار ۽ ٻي ڌيءَ رقيه بنت محمد جي پيدائش، جيڪا ٽئين خليفي عثمان جي زال هئي.
604: ام ڪلثوم بنت محمد جي پيدائش، جيڪا محمد جي ٽئين ڌيءَ هئي. هوءَ پنهنجي ڀيڻ رقيه جي وفات کان پوءِ عثمان جي زال بڻجي وئي.
605: 24 جولاءِ - محمد جي ڌيءَ فاطمه بنت محمد جي پيدائش. هوءَ علي بن ابو طالب جي زال هئي ۽ محمد جي سڀني اولادن مان هن جي ذريعي آهي.
605: محمد ڪعبي جي تعمير ۾ مدد ڪيو.
605: ٻئي خليفي عمر جي ڌيءَ حفصه جي پيدائش ۽ محمد جي زالن مان هڪ.
610: 9 فيبروري - غار حرا ۾ قرآن جو پهرين وحي. غار ۾ فرشتي، جبرائيل کان کيس پهريون وحي ڏنو ويو. سيده خديجه پهرين ايمان واري آهي.
613: محمد ﷺ جي ويجهن خاندانن کي اسلام جي دعوت
613: صفا جبل تي اعلان عام ماڻهن کي اسلام جي دعوت
614: پهرين خليفي ابوبڪر جي ڌيءَ ۽ محمد ﷺ جي ٻئي زال، عائشه جي پيدائش.
614: قريش پاران مسلمانن تي ظلم. مسلمانن جي هڪ جماعت حبشه ڏانهن هجرت ڪئي.
615: حمزه ۽ عمر پاران اسلام قبول ڪرڻ
616: حبشه ڏانهن ٻي هجرت. 617: قريش پاران بنو هاشم خاندان ۽ محمد ﷺ جو بائيڪاٽ.
619: اپريل/مئي - بائيڪاٽ جو خاتمو. ابو طالب ۽ خديجه جي وفات، غم جو سال.
602: Birth of Muhammad's third child and second daughter Ruqayyah, wife of third caliph Uthman.
604: Birth of Umm Kulthum, third daughter of Muhammad. She became wife of Uthman after the death of her sister Ruqayyah.
605: 24 July – Birth of Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad. She was the wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib and all of Muhammad's descendants are through her.
605: Muhammad helps rebuild the Ka'ba.^[4]
605: Birth of Hafsa, daughter of second caliph Umar and one of the wives of Muhammad.
610: 9 February – The first announced revelation of the Qur'an in the cave at Hira. He is given his first revelation from the Angel Gabriel in the cave. Khadija is the first to believe.^[5]
613: Invitation of the close families of Muhammad to Islam
613: Declaration at Mount Safa inviting the general public to Islam
614: Birth of Aisha, Daughter of first caliph Abu Bakr and youngest wife of Muhammad.
614: Persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish. A party of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia.
615: Acceptance of Islam by Hamza and Umar
616: Second migration to Abyssinia.
617: Boycott of the Hashemites and Muhammad by the Quraish.
619: April/May – Lifting of the boycott. Deaths of Abu Talib and Khadija, Year of Sorrow.
620: Visit to Taif, as well as Isra and Miraj.

622 کان 632ع

622: 9 September – 20 September – Hijra—migration to Medina. First year of Islamic calendar.
623: January – Constitution of Medina. Establishment of the first Islamic state.
624: Battle of Badr. Expulsion of the Bani Qainuqa Jews from Medina. The direction of prayer is converted from Jerusalem to Mecca.^[6]
624: Death of Ruqayyah daughter of Muhammad and wife of Uthman.
625: Battle of Uhud. Expulsion of Banu Nadir Jews from Medina.
625: Birth of Hasan ibn Ali, son of Ali and Fatimah and 2nd Shia imams.
626: Birth of Husayn ibn Ali, son of Ali and Fatimah and 3rd Shia imams.
627: Battle of the Trench. Invasion of Banu Qurayza.
628: Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. Battle of Khaybar. Muhammad sends letters to various heads of states.
629: Muhammad pilgrimage to Mecca. Battle of Mu'ta.
629: Death of Zainab, eldest daughter of Muhammad and wife of Abu al-As
630: 11 January – Conquest of Mecca. Battle of Hunayn. Battle of Autas. Siege of Ta'if.
630: Death of Umm Kulthum daughter of Muhammad and wife of Uthman.
631: Expedition to Tabouk, Ghassanids.
631: Death of Muhammad's son Ibrahim ibn Muhammad from Maria al-Qibtiyya.
631 or 632, tribe of Thaqif adopts Islam.
632: 6 March – Farewell pilgrimage at Mecca.
632: 8 June – Death of Muhammad.

632 کان661ع

Death of Fatimah, his daughter. Abu Bakr is chosen as caliph after a fight at Banu Saqifa among those who left the funeral of prophet . Battles of Zu Qissa. Battles of Zu Abraq. Battle of Buzakha. Battle of Zafar. Battle of Naqra. Muslims defeat Bani Tamim and Mosailima.
633: Muslims take Bahrain, Oman, Yemen, and Hadramaut. Raids in Iraq. Battle of Chains, Battle of Saniyy, Battle of Walaja, Battle of Ullais, Battle of Hira, Battle of Al-Anbar, Battle of Ayn al-Tamr, Battle of Dawmat al-Jandal, Battle of Firaz.
634: 22 August – Death of Abu Bakr, the first caliph of Islam. Umar ibn al-Khattab assumes power as the second caliph.
634: Battle of Bosra, Battle of Damascus, Battle of Ajnadin. Death of Abu Bakr. Battle of Namaraq, Battle of Saqatia.
635: Battle of Bridge, Battle of Buwaib, Conquest of Damascus, Battle of Fahl.
636: Battle of Yarmuk, Battle of al-Qādisiyyah, Conquest of Madain. Naval raid by Muslims on at Tanah, near Mumbai.^[7]^[8]
637: Conquest of Syria, Conquest of Jerusalem, Battle of Jalula.
638: Conquest of Jazirah.
639: Conquest of Khuzistan. Advance into Egypt. Plague of Emmaus.
640: Battle of Babylon in Egypt.
641: Conquest of Alexandria in Egypt.
642: Battle of Nihawand; Conquest of Egypt.
643: Conquest of Azarbaijan and Tabaristan (Mazandaran).
644:
- Conquest of Fars, Kerman, Sistan, Mekran and Kharan.
- 5 November – Umar, the second caliph, is assassinated and buried in the house of Aisha in Medina. Uthman ibn Affan becomes the caliph.^[9]
646: Muslims take Khurasan, Armenia and Asia Minor.
647: Muslims take North Africa. Conquest of the island of Cyprus.
648: Muslims battle against the Byzantines.
650: First conflict between Arabs and Turks. Khazars defeated an Arab force led by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Rabiah outside the Khazar town of Balanjar.
652: Disaffection against the rule of Uthman.
655: Naval battle of the Masts against the Byzantines.
656:
- In the summer a band of tribesmen from Egypt comes to Medina and after unsuccessful negotiations they attack and kill Uthman, the third Caliph.^[9] Ali ibn Abi Talib becomes the fourth caliph.
- 10 December – Battle of the Camel outside Basra between forces loyal to Ali and dissidents. Decisive victory for Ali.^[10]
657:
- Ali shifts the capital from Medina to Kufa.
- Battle of Siffin in the late spring or early summer between Ali's and Muawiyah's forces.^[11]
658: Ali scores a major victory against the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan.^[12]
659: Conquest of Egypt by Muawiyah I.
659/60: The Syrians pledge their allegiance to Muawiyah as caliph.^[12]
660: Ali recaptures Hijaz and Yemen from Muawiyah. Muawiyah I declares himself as the caliph at Damascus.
661:
- 29 January – Ali, fourth Caliph, is assassinated in Kufa, reportedly by Kharijites.^[12] He is buried in Najaf, Iraq.

661 کان 700ع

- Muawiyah marches on Kufa and wins the acceptance of most of Ali's remaining supporters, marking the end of the Fitna.^[13]
662: Kharijites' revolts.
666: Muawia bin Hudeij raids Sicily.^[14] Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr,^[15]^[16] Muhammad ibn Maslamah and Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan dies.
669: Hasan ibn Ali, the second Imam of the Shiites died. Husayn ibn Ali becomes Imam of Ali ibn Abi Talib's followers.

670: Advance in North Africa. Uqba bin Nafe founds the town of Kairouan in Tunisia.^[17] Conquest of Kabul.
672: Capture of the island of Rhodes. Muslims invade Khurasan.
674: The Muslims cross the Oxus. Bukhara becomes a vassal state.
676: Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth imam of the Shiites is born.
677: Occupation of Samarkand and Tirmiz. Siege of Constantinople.
680: 28 April – Death of Muawiyah. Yazid I becomes caliph.
680: 10 October – Battle of Karbala and Husayn bin Ali is killed along with his companions. Ali ibn Husayn becomes Imam of Ali ibn Abi Talib's followers.
682: North Africa Uqba bin Nafe marches to the Atlantic, is ambushed and killed at Biskra. The Muslims evacuate Kairouan and withdraw to Burqa.
683: 11 November – Death of Yazid I. Muawiya II becomes caliph.
684: June – Muawiya II abdicated.
View of the Dome of the Rock built between 685 and 692 by Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik, Jerusalem, Palestine.
684: Abd Allah ibn Zubayr declares himself as the caliph at Mecca. Marwan I becomes the caliph at Damascus. Battle of Marj Rahit.
685: Death of Marwan I. Abd al-Malik becomes the caliph at Damascus. Battle of 'Ayn al-Warda.
686: Al-Mukhtar declares himself as the caliph at Kufa.
687: Battle of Kufa between the forces of Mukhtar and Abd Allah ibn Zubayr. Mukhtar killed.
691: Battle of Maskin. Kufa falls to Abd al-Malik.
692: October – The fall of Mecca. Death of ibn Zubayr. Abdul Malik becomes the sole caliph.
695: Kharijites' revolts in Jazira and Ahwaz. Battle of the Karun. Muslims wage war against Kahina in North Africa. The Muslims once again withdraw to Barqa. They advance in Transoxiana and occupy Kish.
700: Muslims proselytised the pagan Berbers in North Africa and convert most of them to Islam in a short period of time. By the end of this century, the global Muslim population had grown to 1 percent of the total.

اسلامي يا قمري ڪئلينڊر

53 ق.هجري - 1 هجري (ولادت، نبوت، هجرت)

01 هجري - 100 هجري (پهرين صدي) (وفات)

101 هجري - 200 هجري (ٻئي صدي) (راشد)

201 هجري - 300 هجري (ٽئي صدي) (اموي)

301 هجري - 400 هجري (چوٿين) (عباسي)

401 هجري - 500 هجري (پنجين) (فاطمي)

501 هجري - 600 هجري (ڇهين) (ايوبي)

601 هجري - 700 هجري (ستين) (مملوڪ)

701 هجري - 800 هجري (اٺين) (سلجوقي)

801 هجري - 900 هجري (نائين) (عثماني)

901 هجري -1000 هجري (ڏهين) (مغل)

1001 هجر -1100 هجري (يارهين) (مجدد)

1101 هجر -1200 هجري (ٻارهين) (ڪانيم)

1201 هجر -1300 هجري (تيرهين) (فرنگي)

1301 هجر -1400 هجري (چوڊين) (آزادي)

1401 هجر -1450 هجري (15هين) (موجوده)

عيسوي يا شمسي ڪيلينڊر

501- 600 (ڇهين صدي) (ولادت)

601- 700 (ستين صدي) (نبوت، خلافت)

701- 800 (اٺين صدي) (اموي، عباسي)

801- 900 (نائين صدي) (عباسي، فاطمي)

901- 1000 (ڏهين صدي) (فاطمي، ايوبي)

1001- 1100 (يارهين صدي) (صليبي جنگون)

1101- 1200 (ٻارهين صدي) (مملوڪ)

1201- 1300 (تيرهين صدي) (سلجوق)

1301- 1400 (چوڊين صدي) (بربر)

1401- 1500 (پندرهين صدي) (بورنو)

1501- 1600 (سورهين صدي) (عثماني)

1601- 1700 (سترهين صدي) (مغل)

1701- 1800 (ارڙهين صدي) (صفوي)

1801- 1900 (اڻويهين صدي) غلامي

1901- 2000 (ويهين صدي) آزادي

2001- 2025 (ايڪويهين صدي) موجوده

قمري ۽ شمسي ڪيلينڊر ۾ مطابقت

ولادت ۽ نبوت

570ع (53 ق.هجري) - محمد جي ولادت
محمد جي ولادت
609ع (13 ق.هجري) - اسلام جي بعثت

هجرت

618ع (1 هجري) مديني ڏانهن هجرت
618ع - پهرين اسلامي رياست
619ع - غزوہ بدر
620ع - غزوہ احد
625ع - غزوہ خندق
627ع - تبوڪ جي مهم
628ع - غزوہ خيبر
630ع - صلح حديبيه
631ع - مڪي جي فتح
8 جون، 632ع (12 ربيع الاول، 11 هجري) - وصال

راشدون خلافت

اموي دور

عباسي دور

فاطمي دور

عثماني سلطنت

ڏهين عيسوي (288 هجري - 391 هجري) 11 هين عيسوي (391 هجري - 494 هجري) 12 هين عيسوي (494 هجري - 597 هجري) 13 هين عيسوي (597 هجري - 700 هجري) 14 هين عيسوي (700 هجري - 803 هجري) علائقائي سلطنتون ۽ خاندان (

نوآبادياتي دور

نوآبادياتي دور 15 هين عيسوي (803 هجري - 906 هجري) 16 هين عيسوي (906 هجري - 1009 هجري) 17 هين عيسوي (1009 هجري - 1112 هجري) 18 هين عيسوي (1112 هجري - 1215 هجري) 19 هين عيسوي (1215 هجري - 1318 هجري)

نوآبادياتي دور

جو آخري دور ۽ پوسٽ-نوآبادياتي دور جو وقت قومي رياستون 20 عيسوي (1318 هجري - 1421 هجري) 21 عيسوي (1421 هجري - موجوده)

حوالا

↑ Watt, William Montgomery (2003). Islam and the Integration of Society. Psychology Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-415-17587-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC.
↑ Esposito, John (1998). Islam: The Straight Path (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 9, 12. ISBN 978-0-19-511234-4.
↑ Peters, F.E. (2003). Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians. Princeton University Press. p. 9. ISBN 0-691-11553-2. https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe/page/9.
↑ Life of Muhammad: 560-661 Muhammad helpebuild ...
↑ Life of Muhammad: 560-661 Muhammad is called to prophethood. He receives his first ...
↑ Life of Muhammad: 560-661 Battle of Badr, Muslims defeat the Meccans. The direction of prayer ...
↑ Richards, J.F. (1974). "The Islamic frontier in the east: Expansion into South Asia". Journal of South Asian Studies. Taylor & Francis. 4 (1): 91–109. doi:10.1080/00856407408730690. Retrieved 8 May 2015
↑ R. C. Majumdar. The History and Culture of the Indian People. 3. p. 167.
1 2 Hawting 200226.
↑ Hawting 200227.
↑ Hawting 200228.
1 2 3 Hawting 200230.
↑ Hawting 200230-1.
↑ A. I. Akram, The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 201
↑ The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate By Wilferd Madelung. Page 340.
↑ Encyclopaedic ethnography of Middle-East and Central Asia: A-I, Volume 1 edited by R. Khanam. Page 543
↑ Clifford Edmund Bosworth (2007), Historic Cities of the Islamic World, BRILL, p. 260

ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا

[Watt2003-1] Watt, William Montgomery (2003). Islam and the Integration of Society. Psychology Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-415-17587-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC.

[Esposito1998-2] Esposito, John (1998). Islam: The Straight Path (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 9, 12. ISBN 978-0-19-511234-4.

[Peters2003-3] Peters, F.E. (2003). Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians. Princeton University Press. p. 9. ISBN 0-691-11553-2. https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe/page/9.

[4] Life of Muhammad: 560-661 Muhammad helpebuild ...

[5] Life of Muhammad: 560-661 Muhammad is called to prophethood. He receives his first ...

[6] Life of Muhammad: 560-661 Battle of Badr, Muslims defeat the Meccans. The direction of prayer ...

[7] Richards, J.F. (1974). "The Islamic frontier in the east: Expansion into South Asia". Journal of South Asian Studies. Taylor & Francis. 4 (1): 91–109. doi:10.1080/00856407408730690. Retrieved 8 May 2015

[8] R. C. Majumdar. The History and Culture of the Indian People. 3. p. 167.

[FOOTNOTEHawting200226-9] 1 2 Hawting 200226.

[FOOTNOTEHawting200227-10] Hawting 200227.

[FOOTNOTEHawting200228-11] Hawting 200228.

[FOOTNOTEHawting200230-12] 1 2 3 Hawting 200230.

[FOOTNOTEHawting200230-1-13] Hawting 200230-1.

[14] A. I. Akram, The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 201

[15] The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate By Wilferd Madelung. Page 340.

[16] Encyclopaedic ethnography of Middle-East and Central Asia: A-I, Volume 1 edited by R. Khanam. Page 543

[17] Clifford Edmund Bosworth (2007), Historic Cities of the Islamic World, BRILL, p. 260

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]