سويڊن

Kingdom of Sweden
Kingdom of Sweden; Konungariket Sverige
جھنڊو	Greater coat of arms
	شُعار: '(royal) "För Sverige – i tiden"; "For Sweden – With the Times"
	ترانو: Du gamla, du fria; Thou ancient, thou free; شاھي ترانو: Kungssången; Song of the King; پيشقدمي:۽nbsp;Yor de love;
	مڪانيت سويڊن (dark green) – نقشو Europe (green & dark grey); – in the European Union (green) – [Legend]
گادي جو هنڌ	Stockholm; 59°21′N 18°4′E / 59.350°N 18.067°E
سڀ کان وڏو شهر	capital
دفتري ٻوليون	Swedish
Official minority languages	Finnish; Meänkieli; Sami dialects; Romani; Yiddish;
مقامي آبادي	Swedish ; Swede;
حڪومت	Unitary parliamentary; constitutional monarchy
• Monarch	Carl XVI Gustaf
• Speaker of the Riksdag	Andreas Norlén
• Prime Minister	Ulf Kristersson
مقننه	Riksdag
History
• A unified Swedish kingdom established	By the early 12th century
• Part of Kalmar Union	1397–1523
• Part of Swedish-Norwegian Union	4 November 1814 – August 1905
• Joined the European Union	1 January 1995
• Joined NATO	7 March 2024
پکيڙ
• جملي	450٬295 km2 (173٬860 sq mi) (55th)
• پاڻي (%)	8.37 (as of 2015)
آبادي
• February 2021 اندازو	سانچو:IncreaseNeutral 10,402,070 (88th)
• گھاٽائي	25 /km2 (64.7 /sq mi) (198th)
جِي ڊي پي (مساوي قوت خريد )	2020 لڳ ڀڳ
• ڪل	$563.882 billion (39th)
• في سيڪڙو	$52,477 (16th)
جِي. ڊي. پي (رڳو نالي ۾ )	2020 لڳ ڀڳ
• ڪل	$528.929 billion (23rd)

سويڊن (Sweden) اتر يورپ ۽ اسڪیندی نیویا ۾ هڪ ملڪ آهي. ان جي گاديءَ جو هنڌ اسٽاڪهوم آهي، ان جا شهري سويڊش آهن ۽ ان جي سرڪاري ۽ اڪثريتي ٻولي سويڊش آهي. سويڊن جي هڪ سرحد اتر۔اولهه ۾ ناروي سان آهي ۽ ٻي اتر۔اوڀر ۾ فنلينڊ سان، ڏکڻ ۾، سويڊن ڊنمارڪ کان اوریسند Øresund کان جدا ٿيل آهي. سويڊن يورپ ۾ اسپين، يوڪرين، فرانس ۽ روس کان پوء پنجون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي. سويڊن جي آبادي جي کثافت گهٽ آهي، سواءِ شهري علائقن جي (%1.5 علائقو)، جتي %87 آبادي رهي ٿي. سال 2014ع ۾ گلوبل گرين اڪانومي انڊيڪس سويڊن کي دنيا جو پهريون سبز ترين ملڪ قرار ڏنو.^[11]

سويڊن ڊگهي عرصي کان لوهه، ٽامي ۽ لک جو وڏو برآمد ڪندڙ رهيو آهي. صنعتڪاري، جيڪا 1890 جي ڏهاڪي ۾ شروع ٿي، سويڊن کي ترقي ڪرڻ جي اجازت ڏني، ۽ اڄ مسلسل انساني ترقي جي انڊيڪس (HDI) تي يورپي درجه بندي ۾ سٺو مقام حاصل ڪري ٿو. سويڊن وٽ پيئڻ جي پاڻي جا وڏا ذخيرا آهن، پر فوسل فيول جهڙوڪ ڪوئلي يا تيل جي کوٽ آهي. جديد سويڊن Union of Kalmar مان نڪتل آهي، جيڪو 1397ع ۾ ٺهرايو ويو هو. ملڪ کي بادشاهي Gustave I Vasa طرفان متحد ڪيو ويو. سويڊن 1800 سويڊن نئين علائقا کي فتح ڪيو ۽ هڪ نوآبادياتي سلطنت قائم ڪئي. تنهن هوندي، انهن مان اڪثر علائقا 1900 ۾ ڇڏيا ويا. 19 صدي جي شروعات ۾، فنلينڊ ۽ ٻيا علائقا گم ٿي ويا. 1814ع ۾ ان جي آخري جنگ کان پوءِ، سويڊن امن جو مزو ماڻيو، امن جي وقت ۾ نان الائنمينٽ جي پاليسي اختيار ڪئي ۽ جنگ جي وقت ۾ غير جانبداري پاليسي اختيار ڪئي. اها حيثيت ختم ٿي وڃي ٿي جڏهن اها 2022 ۾ روس جي يوڪرين تي حملي کانپوءِ نيٽو کي پنهنجي درخواست جمع ڪرائي. سويڊن 1995 کان يورپي يونين جو حصو آهي. برطانوي پريس گروپ Economist جي جمهوريت انڊيڪس مطابق، سويڊن دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ جمهوري ملڪن مان هڪ آهي.^[12].

The population of Sweden is about 10 million people.^[13] Sweden's capital city is Stockholm, which is also Sweden's largest city, with almost one million people. Other large cities are Gothenburg and Malmö. These cities are all in the southern half of the country, where it is not as cold as in the north. Swedes drink filmjölk, it is a traditional fermented milk product from Sweden. It is made by fermenting cow's milk. Glögg, is spiced mulled wine which people drink around Christmas. It normally contains red wine, sugar, orange peel, and spices. Swedes eat yellow pea soup with pork (or pork sausages) along with mustard.

Sweden is a constitutional monarchy because it has a king, Carl XVI Gustaf, but he does not have any real power. Sweden is a parliamentary state meaning that the government is elected by the parliament which is appointed by the people. The country is democratically ruled by a government headed by an elected prime minister. Ulf Kristersson was elected Prime Minister in September 2022. He took office in October 2022.

Sweden has an official majority language, Swedish (the Swedish word for the language is svenska). Sweden has five official minority languages: Finnish, Yiddish, Sami, Meänkieli, and Romani.

Sweden became a member of the European Union (EU) on 1 January 1995. Unlike most countries in the European Union, Sweden is not a member of the Eurozone and has not begun to use the euro as currency. This is because the people have voted against using the euro. The currency remains the Swedish krona (Swedish crown).

حوالا

↑ "Mottoes of The Kings and Queens of Sweden". www.kungahuset.se. Royal Court of Sweden. وقت 23 December 2015 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 22 December 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
↑ Norborg, Lars-Arne. "svensk–norska unionen". ne.se (ٻولي ۾ Swedish). Nationalencyklopedin. حاصل ڪيل 6 August 2015.
↑ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). حاصل ڪيل 11 October 2020.
↑ [1] Statistics Sweden. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. حاصل ڪيل 8 January 2020.
↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. حاصل ڪيل 9 August 2021.
↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene. United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
↑ "Är svenskan också officiellt språk i Sverige?" (ٻولي ۾ Swedish). Swedish Language Council. وقت 6 February 2014 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 22 June 2008.
↑ "Summary of Population Statistics 1960–2012". Statistics Sweden. وقت 17 March 2013 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 9 June 2013. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
↑ Note that Swedish-speaking Finns or other Swedish-speakers born outside Sweden might identify as Swedish despite being born abroad. Moreover, people born in Sweden may not be ethnic Swedes. As the Swedish government does not base any statistics on ethnicity, there are no exact numbers on the ethnic background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden. This is not, however, to be confused with migrants' national backgrounds, which are recorded.
↑ {{safesubst:#if:{{subst:ns:0}} | Anastasia Pantsios. "Top 10 Greenest Countries in the World". Text " {{cite web|title=Top 10 Greenest Countries in the World|url=http://www.ecowatch.com/top-10-greenest-countries-in-the-world-1881962985.html%7Cauthor=Anastasia Pantsios|website=EcoWatch|language=en|date=}} " ignored (مدد).
↑ {{safesubst:#if:{{subst:ns:0}} | WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". Text " {{cite web|title=Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition|url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/fr/2023/index.html%7Clast=WIPO%7Cwebsite=www.wipo.int%7Clanguage=fr}} " ignored (مدد)
↑ "Sweden website". Statistics Sweden website. وقت 8 November 2013 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 27 July 2013. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)

حوالي جي چڪ: "lower-alpha" نالي جي حوالن جي لاءِ ٽيگ <ref> آهن، پر لاڳاپيل ٽيگ <references group="lower-alpha"/> نہ مليو

[2] "Mottoes of The Kings and Queens of Sweden". www.kungahuset.se. Royal Court of Sweden. وقت 23 December 2015 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 22 December 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)

[NEsvno-3] Norborg, Lars-Arne. "svensk–norska unionen". ne.se (ٻولي ۾ Swedish). Nationalencyklopedin. حاصل ڪيل 6 August 2015.

[4] "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). حاصل ڪيل 11 October 2020.

[population-5] [1] Statistics Sweden. Retrieved 8 July 2021.

[imf2-6] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. حاصل ڪيل 8 January 2020.

[eurogini-7] "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. حاصل ڪيل 9 August 2021.

[UNHDR-8] Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene. United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf. Retrieved 16 December 2020.

[9] "Är svenskan också officiellt språk i Sverige?" (ٻولي ۾ Swedish). Swedish Language Council. وقت 6 February 2014 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 22 June 2008.

[SCB1-10] "Summary of Population Statistics 1960–2012". Statistics Sweden. وقت 17 March 2013 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 9 June 2013. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)

[NoteEthn-11] Note that Swedish-speaking Finns or other Swedish-speakers born outside Sweden might identify as Swedish despite being born abroad. Moreover, people born in Sweden may not be ethnic Swedes. As the Swedish government does not base any statistics on ethnicity, there are no exact numbers on the ethnic background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden. This is not, however, to be confused with migrants' national backgrounds, which are recorded.

[a-12] {{safesubst:#if:{{subst:ns:0}} | Anastasia Pantsios. "Top 10 Greenest Countries in the World". Text " {{cite web|title=Top 10 Greenest Countries in the World|url=http://www.ecowatch.com/top-10-greenest-countries-in-the-world-1881962985.html%7Cauthor=Anastasia Pantsios|website=EcoWatch|language=en|date=}} " ignored (مدد).

[13] {{safesubst:#if:{{subst:ns:0}} | WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". Text " {{cite web|title=Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition|url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/fr/2023/index.html%7Clast=WIPO%7Cwebsite=www.wipo.int%7Clanguage=fr}} " ignored (مدد)

["stats_sweden"-14] "Sweden website". Statistics Sweden website. وقت 8 November 2013 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 27 July 2013. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)

[lower-alpha 1]

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