مغل سلطنت

مغليه سلطنت (Mughal Empire) ابتدائي جديد سلطنت هئي، جنهن 16هين ۽ 19هين صدي جي وچ ۾ ڏکڻ ايشيا جو گهڻو حصو سنڀاليو. ^[1] اٽڪل ٻن سؤ سالن تائين، سلطنت اولهه ۾ سنڌو درياهه جي ڪناري کان، اتر اولهه ۾ اتر افغانستان ۽ اتر ۾ ڪشمير، اوڀر ۾ موجوده آسام ۽ بنگال ۽ ڏاکڻي هندستان ۾ ڏکڻ پليٽيو جي مٿيان علائقن تائين پکڙيل هئي.^[2]

روايتي طور تي اهو خيال ڪيو وڃي ٿو ته مغليه سلطنت جو بنياد سال 1526ع ۾ شهنشاهه، ظهيرالدين بابر وڌو، جيڪو فرغنه (اڄوڪي ازبڪستان) جو هڪ جنگجو سردار هو، جنهن دهلي جي بادشاهه، سلطان ابراهيم لوڌي کي پاڻي پت جي جنگ ۾ شڪست ڏيڻ لاءِ پاڙيسري صفوي ۽ عثماني سلطنتن کان مدد ورتي هئي.^[3] سال 1720ع ۾ شهنشاهه، اورنگزيب عالمگير، جنهن جي دور حڪومت ۾ سلطنت به پنهنجي وڌ کان وڌ جاگرافيائي حد تائين پهچي چڪي هئي، جي وفات کانپوء هئي سلطنت زوال جو شڪار ٿي وئي، پوء سال 1760ع تائين پراڻي دلي ۽ ان جي آس پاس واري علائقي تائين محدود ٿي وئي. سال 1857ع ۾ جنگ ازادي کانپوء انگريز، جيڪا پهرين ئي سلطنت تي مڪمل اختيار حاصل ڪري ويا هئا، سرڪاري طور تي مغل سلطنت جي خاتمي ۽ هندستان تي برطانوي راج قائم ڪرڻ جو اعلان ڪيا.^[4]^[5]

حوالا

↑ The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press,. pp. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2. ISBN 2. "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the dynasty and the empire itself became indisputably Indian. The interests and futures of all concerned were in India, not in ancestral homelands in the Middle East or Central Asia. Furthermore, the Mughal empire emerged from the Indian historical experience. It was the end product of a millennium of Muslim conquest, colonization, and state-building in the Indian subcontinent.".
↑ Auteur., Stein, Burton (1926-1996). (2010). A history of India. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-9509-6. OCLC 690778229. http://worldcat.org/oclc/690778229.
↑ The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press,. pp. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2. ISBN 2. "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the dynasty and the empire itself became indisputably Indian. The interests and futures of all concerned were in India, not in ancestral homelands in the Middle East or Central Asia. Furthermore, the Mughal empire emerged from the Indian historical experience. It was the end product of a millennium of Muslim conquest, colonization, and state-building in the Indian subcontinent.".
↑ Stein, Burton, ed (1975-12-31). Essays on South India. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-9134-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824891343.
↑ Richards, John F. (1993). The Mughal Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25119-2. OCLC 25246187. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25246187.

ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا

[:02-1] The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press,. pp. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2. ISBN 2. "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the dynasty and the empire itself became indisputably Indian. The interests and futures of all concerned were in India, not in ancestral homelands in the Middle East or Central Asia. Furthermore, the Mughal empire emerged from the Indian historical experience. It was the end product of a millennium of Muslim conquest, colonization, and state-building in the Indian subcontinent.".

[2] Auteur., Stein, Burton (1926-1996). (2010). A history of India. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-9509-6. OCLC 690778229. http://worldcat.org/oclc/690778229.

[:0-3] The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press,. pp. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2. ISBN 2. "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the dynasty and the empire itself became indisputably Indian. The interests and futures of all concerned were in India, not in ancestral homelands in the Middle East or Central Asia. Furthermore, the Mughal empire emerged from the Indian historical experience. It was the end product of a millennium of Muslim conquest, colonization, and state-building in the Indian subcontinent.".

[4] Stein, Burton, ed (1975-12-31). Essays on South India. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-9134-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824891343.

[5] Richards, John F. (1993). The Mughal Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25119-2. OCLC 25246187. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25246187.

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