ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني

ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني
مقامي نالو	Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie
قسم	پبلڪ ٽريڊنگ ڪمپني
صنعت	پروٽو ڪانگلومريٽ (ڪمپني)
انجام	تحليل
پيشرو	وورڪمپني وان ويري
قيام	20 مارچ 1602
باني	جوھان عام اولڊنبارنيويلٽ
تحليل	31 ڊسمبر 1799
صدر دفتر	اميسٽرڊم (عالمي); باٽاويا (سمنڊ پار);
خدمتي علائقو	يوريشيا، ھندوستان
اھم شخصيتون	ھيرين سترھون
صنعتي پيداوار	مصالحہ، ريشم، چانھن، اناج، چانور، سويابين، ڪمند

ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني:(انگريزي: Dutch East India Company ) سترھين صدي جي شروعات ۾ وڏي سائيز واري ڪارپوريشن ھئي جنھن جو قيام ڊچ سرڪار جي حڪم تي ڪيترن ئي ڪمپنين جي انضمام ذريعي ٿيو ^[1]^[2] ان جو قيام 20 مارچ 1602 ۾ مغلن واري ھندوستان سان واپار لاء بطور چارٽر ڪمپني جي عمل ۾ آيو.^[3] اھو ان وقت پروٽو صنعتڪاري وارو دؤر ھيو.^[4] جنھن ذريعي 50 سيڪڙو ڪپڙو ۽ 80 سيڪڙو ريشم انڊيا جي ترقي يافتہ علائقي بينگال صوبي مان برآمد ڪئي ويندي ھئي. ^[5]

حوالا

↑ Gelderblom, Oscar; de Jong, Abe; Jonker, Joost (2011), 'An Admiralty for Asia: Business Organization and the Evolution of Corporate Governance in the Dutch Republic, 1590–1640,'; in J.G. Koppell (ed.), Origins of Shareholder Advocacy. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), pp. 29–70. Gelderblom, Jonker & de Jong (2010): "The hot rivalry between the voorcompagnieën undermined the country's fragile political unity and economic prosperity, and seriously limited the prospects of competing successfully against other Asian traders from Europe. ... According to Willem Usselincx, a large merchant well versed in the intercontinental trade, the VOC charter was drafted by bewindhebbers bent on defending their own interests and the States-General had allowed that to pass so as to achieve the desired merger (Van Rees 1868, 410). An agreement was finally reached on March 20th, 1602, after which the Estates General issued a charter granting a monopoly on the Asian trade for 21 years (Gaastra 2009, 21–23)."
↑ Unoki, Ko (2012), 'A Seafaring Empire,'; in Mergers, Acquisitions and Global Empires: Tolerance, Diversity and the Success of M&A, by Ko Unoki. (New York: Routledge, 2013), pp. 39–64
↑ Richards, John F. (1995). The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC&pg=PA202.
↑ Leslie A. Clarkson (1985). Proto-Industrialization: The First Phase of Industrialization?. Macmillan International Higher Education. ISBN 9781349065608.
↑ Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.

[1] Gelderblom, Oscar; de Jong, Abe; Jonker, Joost (2011), 'An Admiralty for Asia: Business Organization and the Evolution of Corporate Governance in the Dutch Republic, 1590–1640,'; in J.G. Koppell (ed.), Origins of Shareholder Advocacy. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), pp. 29–70. Gelderblom, Jonker & de Jong (2010): "The hot rivalry between the voorcompagnieën undermined the country's fragile political unity and economic prosperity, and seriously limited the prospects of competing successfully against other Asian traders from Europe. ... According to Willem Usselincx, a large merchant well versed in the intercontinental trade, the VOC charter was drafted by bewindhebbers bent on defending their own interests and the States-General had allowed that to pass so as to achieve the desired merger (Van Rees 1868, 410). An agreement was finally reached on March 20th, 1602, after which the Estates General issued a charter granting a monopoly on the Asian trade for 21 years (Gaastra 2009, 21–23)."

[Unoki-2] Unoki, Ko (2012), 'A Seafaring Empire,'; in Mergers, Acquisitions and Global Empires: Tolerance, Diversity and the Success of M&A, by Ko Unoki. (New York: Routledge, 2013), pp. 39–64

[Richards1995-3] Richards, John F. (1995). The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC&pg=PA202.

[4] Leslie A. Clarkson (1985). Proto-Industrialization: The First Phase of Industrialization?. Macmillan International Higher Education. ISBN 9781349065608.

[tong-5] Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.

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