پيرو ۾ عالمي ورثي جي ماڳن جي فهرست

گڏيل قومن جي تعليمي، سائنسي ۽ ثقافتي تنظيم (UNESCO) عالمي ورثو ماڳ ثقافتي يا قدرتي ورثي جي لحاظ کان اهم ماڳ آهن جيئن 1972ع ۾ قائم ڪيل يونيسڪو عالمي ورثو ڪنوينشن ۾ بيان ڪيو ويو آهن. پيرو 24 فيبروري 1982ع تي ڪنوينشن جي تصديق ڪئي، جنهن ان جي تاريخي ماڳن کي فهرست ۾ شامل ڪرڻ جي اهل بڻايو.

2021 تائين، پيرو ۾ عالمي ورثي جي فهرست ۾ 13 ماڳ آهن. پيرو جي اندر، عالمي ورثو ڪميٽي جي 7هين اجلاس، جيڪا فلورنس، اٽلي ۾ 1983ع ۾ منعقد ٿيو:"ڪسڪو جو شهر" ۽ "ماچو پچو جي تاريخي پناه" کي ماڳن جي پهرين فهرست ۾ شامل ڪيو ويو. نو ماڳن کي ثقافتي ماڳن جي طور تي درج ڪيو ويو آهي ٻه قدرتي طور تي ۽ ٻه مخلوط طور تي، ثقافتي ۽ فطري چونڊ جي معيار ٻنهي کي پورا ڪن ٿا، جيئن تنظيم جي چونڊ جي معيار پاران طئي ڪيو ويو آهي. چان چن آثار قديمه وارو علائقي جو ماڳ 1986ع ۾ فهرست ۾ شامل ڪيو ويو ۽ فوري طور تي خطري ۾ عالمي ورثي جي فهرست ۾ رکيو ويو، ڇاڪاڻ ته ايڊوب تعميرات کي تيز مينهن ۽ ڪٽائي سان آساني سان نقصان پهچندو آهي. قهاپاق نان (اينڊين روڊ سسٽم جو ماڳ) هڪ بين الاقوامي ماڳ آهي، جيڪا ارجنٽائن، چلي، بوليويا، ڪولمبيا ۽ ايڪواڊور سان پڻ شيئر ڪندو آهي. ان کان سواء عارضي فهرست ۾ اٺ ماڳ آهن.

عالمي ثقافتي ورثي جا ماڳ

يونيسڪو ڏهن معيارن هيٺ سائيٽن جي فهرست ڏئي ٿو. هر داخلا گهٽ ۾ گهٽ هڪ معيار کي پورو ڪرڻ گهرجي. معيار i کان vi ثقافتي آهن ۽ vii کان x فطري ورثي جا ماڳ آهن.

  * بين الملڪي ماڳ

  † خطري جي زد ۾ ماڳ

ماڳ	تصوير	جڳھ (علائقو)	درج ٿيڻ جو سال	يونيسڪو ڊيٽا	وضاحت
ڪزڪو جو شهر		ڪزڪو علائقو	1983	273; iii, iv (cultural)	ڪزڪو کي انڪا بادشاهه پچاڪوٽيڪ، جيڪو ڪزڪو جي بادشاهت تي حڪومت ڪندو هو، پاران ترقي ڏئي وئي. جيئن ته اها بادشاهت 15هين صدي ۾ انڪا سلطنت ۾ تبديل ٿي وئي، شهر انڪا سلطنت جو سڀ کان اهم شهر بڻجي ويو. شهر مذهبي ۽ انتظامي استعمال لاءِ الڳ الڳ علائقن ۾ ورهايل هو، ۽ زراعت، ڪاريگر ۽ صنعتي استعمال جي هڪ منظم نظام سان گھريل هو. اسپيني 16 صدي ۾ سلطنت کي فتح ڪيو. انهن انڪا جي کنڊرن تي باروڪ گرجا گھر ۽ عمارتون ٺاهيون. ڪزڪو دنيا جي بلند ترين شهرن مان هڪ آهي.
ماچو پچو جي پرسڪون جاء		ڪزڪو علائقو	1983	274; i, iii, vii, ix (mixed)	سمنڊ جي مٿاڇري کان 2340 ميتر (7680 فوٽ) جي اچائي تي، ماچو پچو جي جڳهه کي 15 صدي جي وچ ڌاري هڪ وسيع جبل واري زمين جي طور تي تعمير ڪيو ويو هو ۽ 100 سالن پوءِ ڇڏي ڏنو ويو. ان ۾ ڀتيون، ڇتيون ۽ عمارتون شامل آهن، جيڪا اهڙي پٿرن مان ٺهيل آهن، جيڪا زلزلي جي مزاحمتي آهن. شهر ۾ لڳ ڀڳ 1,200 رهواسي، گهڻو ڪري پادري، عورتون ۽ ٻار رهندا هئا. ڪزڪو ۾ اسپيني آمد کان اڳ اها، گهڻو ڪري چيچڪ جي پکڙجڻ جي ڪري ويران ٿئي ويو.
شاون (قديم آثار جو ماڳ)		Ancash	1985	330; iii (cultural)	The Chavín culture developed in the Andean highlands between 1500 and 300 BC. The site is now known as Chavín de Huantar, which served as the center. The site consists of a complex of terraces and squares cut from rock. It is believed the Chavín were primarily a religious-based society whose influence resulted from their culture, rather than aggressive expansion.
هواسڪاران نيشنل پارڪ		Ancash	1985	333; vii, viii (natural)	Huascarán National Park is located in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range of the Andes. It surrounds Huascarán, the tallest peak in Peru. The physical environment includes glaciers, ravines, and lakes, while the park is home to several regional animal species. The national park is uninhabited, but native llamas and alpacas graze in the lowlands.
Chan Chan Archaeological Zoneسانچو:†چان چان قديم آثار جو زون		La Libertad	1986	366; i, iii (cultural)	The city of Chan Chan served as the capital of the Chimú culture. The Chimú kingdom developed along the coast of northern Peru. Chan Chan is divided into nine walled units indicating political and social division. The Chimú were conquered by the Inca in 1470. The site was listed to the List of World Heritage in Danger when it was first inscribed, as the adobe constructions are easily damaged by heavy rain and erosion.
مئنو نيشنل پارڪ		Cuzco	1987	402; ix, x (natural)	The park spreads over 1,500,000 hectares (5,800 sq mi) and from 150 metres (490 ft) to 4,200 metres (13,800 ft) above sea-level. Manu is home to 1,000 bird species, over 200 species of mammals (100 of which are bats), and over 15,000 species of flowering plants. Jaguars have been seen throughout the national park. The giant otter and giant armadillo are just a few rare species found in the national park. Prior to being recognized as a World Heritage Site in 1987, it was designated as a biosphere reserve in 1977.
ليما جو تاريخي مرڪز		Lima Province	1988	500; iv (cultural)	Lima was founded by Francisco Pizarro in 1535 as La Ciudad de los Reyes (City of the Kings). Until the middle of the 18th century, it was the most important city in Spanish South America. The architecture and decoration combine the style of both the local population and Europe, such as in the Monastery of San Francisco. Also, hospitals, schools and universities were built. San Marcos University was built in 1551. The city's social and cultural life was organized within these places, giving Lima a convent image which characterized its urban profile until half of the 20th century.
ريو ابيسئو نيشنل پارڪ		San Martín	1990	548; iii, vii, ix, x (mixed)	The park was created in 1983 in order to protect the region's rainforest habitat. The park is home to many endemic species such as the yellow-tailed woolly monkey, which was thought to be extinct. The site is also listed under cultural criteria, as over 30 Pre-Columbian sites have been discovered since 1985.
نئزڪا ۽ پامپاس ڊئ جومانا ۾ زمين تي بڻيل جيوگلائف ۽ لڪيرون		Ica	1994	700; i, iii, iv (ثقافتي)	The large designs in the Nazca Desert are believed to have been created by the Nazca culture between 400 and 650 AD. They were created by scratching lines into the ground surface. Designs include animals such as a monkey and hummingbird, plants, and geographic shapes on a large scale. It is believed that they served a ritualistic purpose.
آريڪيوپا جو تاريخي مرڪز		آريڪيوپا	2000	1016; i, iv (ٿقافتي)	Arequipa is built primarily on top of sillar, a white volcanic rock, the product of nearby El Misti volcano. The architecture of the city is known for its combination of traditional indigenous styles with the new techniques of the European colonial settlers.
Sacred City of Caral-Supe		Lima	2009	1269; ii, iii, iv (cultural)	The archaeological site belonged to the Norte Chico civilization that inhabited the area during the Late Archaic period. Caral is one of 18 complex urban settlements in the region and features many monuments and pyramids. Caral is the earliest known American settlement. A quipu recovered from the site demonstrates its influence on later Andean cultures.
Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System*		several regions	2014	1459; ii, iii, iv, vi (cultural)	The site covers an extensive road system in the Andes built over several centuries by the Incas, partly based on pre-Inca infrastructure. The system spans over more than 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) running through various geographical terrains – the coast, rainforests, valleys, deserts, and mountainous regions above 6,000 metres (20,000 ft) of altitude. The site includes 273 component sites in six countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex		Ancash	2021	1624; i, iv (cultural)	The Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex is a prehistoric site (250–200 BC), located in the Casma Valley, and comprises a set of constructions that functioned as a calendrical instrument. Possibly dedicated to a solar cult, the site was used to define dates throughout the year utilizing the sun. The complex is able to mark out the solstices, the equinoxes, and all the dates of the year with a precision of 1–2 days.

ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا

• يونيسڪو سان پيرو جي قومي تعاون ڪميشن سانچو:اسپيني ٻولي ۾
• ليما ۾ يونيسڪو آفيس سانچو:اسپيني ٻولي ۾