نيبولائزر

نيبولائزر Nebulizer

طب ۾، هڪ نيبولائزر (Nebulizers)، هڪ دوا پهچائڻ وارو اوزار آهي، جيڪو ڦڦڙن ۾ داخل ٿيل ايروسول (Aerosol) جي صورت ۾، دوائن جي انتظام ڪرڻ لاء استعمال ڪيو ويندو آهي. نيبولائزر عام طور تي دمي (Asthma)، سسٽڪ فبروسس (Cystic Fibrosis)، ڦڦڙن جي پراڻي رڪاوٽ واري بيماريون (COPD) ۽ ٻين تنفس جي بيمارين يا خرابين جي علاج لاءِ استعمال ٿيندا آهن. اها محلول ۽ سسپينشن، جيڪا ڊيوائس جي ذريعي وات مان اندر داخل ٿين ٿا، کي ننڍڙي ايروسول بوندن ۾ ٽوڙڻ لاء آڪسيجن، دٻائل هوا يا الٽراسونڪ پاور استعمال ڪن ٿا. ايروسول گئس ۽ ٺوس يا مائع ذرڙن جو مڪسچر هوندو آهي.

طبي استعمال

Another form of nebulization

طبي هدايتون

Various asthma guidelines, such as the Global Initiative for Asthma Guidelines [GINA], the British Guidelines on the management of Asthma, The Canadian Pediatric Asthma Consensus Guidelines, and United States Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Asthma each recommend metered dose inhalers in place of nebulizer-delivered therapies. The European Respiratory Society acknowledge that although nebulizers are used in hospitals and at home they suggest much of this use may not be evidence-based.

Effectiveness

Recent evidence shows that nebulizers are no more effective than metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) with spacers. An MDI with a spacer may offer advantages to children who have acute asthma. Those findings refer specifically to the treatment of asthma and not to the efficacy of nebulisers generally, as for COPD for example. For COPD, especially when assessing exacerbations or lung attacks, there is no evidence to indicate that MDI (with a spacer) delivered medicine is more effective than administration of the same medicine with a nebulizer.

The European Respiratory Society highlighted a risk relating to droplet size reproducibility caused by selling nebulizer devices separately from nebulized solution. They found this practice could vary droplet size 10-fold or more by changing from an inefficient nebulizer system to a highly efficient one. Two advantages attributed to nebulizers, compared to MDIs with spacers (inhalers), are their ability to deliver larger dosages at a faster rate, especially in acute asthma; however, recent data suggests actual lung deposition rates are the same. In addition, another trial found that a MDI (with spacer) had a lower required dose for clinical result compared to a nebulizer.

Beyond use in chronic lung disease, nebulizers may also be used to treat acute issues like the inhalation of toxic substances. One such example is the treatment of inhalation of toxic hydrofluoric acid (HF) vapors. Calcium gluconate is a first-line treatment for HF exposure to the skin. By using a nebulizer, calcium gluconate is delivered to the lungs as an aerosol to counteract the toxicity of inhaled HF vapors.

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