فونافوٽي
فونافوٽي Funafuti | ||
|---|---|---|
ائٽل | ||
| ||
 Satellite image of Funafuti atoll | ||
  فونافوٽي Funafuti Location of Funafuti atoll in Tuvalu | ||
| جاگرافي بيهڪ: 08°31′S 179°12′E / 8.517°S 179.200°E | ||
| Country | Tuvalu | |
| Government | ||
| • Parliament representatives | Tuafafa Latasi, Simon Kofe | |
| Area | ||
• Total |
2.79 ڪ.م2 (1.08 ميل2) | |
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فُنافوتي (Funafuti) ڪيترن ئي ننڍڙي ٻيٽن تي مشتمل هڪ ائٽل آهي، جيڪو ٽوالو جي گاديءَ جو هنڌ آهي.[1] [2] 2017ع جي آدمشماري مطابق، ان جي آبادي 6,320 آهي.[3] فُنافوتي ۾ باقي ٽووالو جي گڏيل آبادي کان وڌيڪ ماڻهو رهن ٿا، ملڪ جي آبادي جو تقريباً 60 سيڪڙو هتان آباد آهن. مکيه ٻيٽ، فونگافالي، ملڪ جي انتظامي مرڪز، وايوڪو جي ميزباني ڪري ٿو.
فُنافوتي کي پهريون ڀيرو (يورپين پاران 1819 ۾) آرينٽ شُئيلر ڊي پيسٽر (هڪ آمريڪي سامونڊي ڪپتان. جنهن ان کي ايلس ٻيٽ جو نالو ڏنو) 1850 ۽ 1875 جي وچ ۾ ڏٺو هو. 1892 ۾. ايلس ٻيٽن مان هر هڪ کي برطانوي محافظ قرار ڏنو ويو (HMS جي ڪئپٽن هربرٽ گبسن پاران). 1909 ۾. فُنافوتي ۾ پهريون رهائشي مئجسٽريٽ مقرر ڪيو ويو. 1915 ۾. فُنافوتي (باقي ايلس ٻيٽن سان گڏ) کي گلبرٽ ۽ ايلس ٻيٽن ۾ شامل ڪيو ويو (هڪ تاج ڪالوني جي طور تي). آڪٽوبر 1942 ۾ (ٻي عالمي جنگ دوران) فُنافوتي تي آمريڪي فوجن قبضو ڪيو (گلبرٽ ۽ مارشل ٻيٽن جي مهم لاءِ هڪ اسٽريٽجڪ اسٽيجنگ گرائونڊ طور ڪم ڪرڻ لاءِ). جنگ دوران. آمريڪن فُنافوتي جي لگون بندرگاهه کي ڊريج ڪيو. ۽ ائٽول جو هوائي ميدان قائم ڪيو. هاڻي فُنافوتي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ جي نالي سان مشهور آهي. آڪٽوبر 1972 ۾. طوفان بيبي فُنافوتي سان ٽڪرائجي ويو. جنهن جي ڪري وڏي پئماني تي نقصان ٿيو. ان جي باوجود، 1978 ۾، فنافوتي کي (نئين قائم ٿيل قوم) تووالو جي انتظامي گاديءَ جي طور تي چونڊيو ويو. تووالو جي گاديءَ جي طور تي. فنافوتي ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ شهري ٿيل ٻيٽ آهي. ۽ سرڪاري، انتظامي ۽ اقتصادي سرگرمين جو مرڪز آهي.
Funafuti was first sighted by Europeans in 1819 by Arent Schuyler de Peyster, an American sea captain, who named it Ellice's Island. Between 1850 and 1875. In 1892, each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British protectorate by Captain Herbert Gibson of سانچو:HMS. In 1909, the first resident magistrate was appointed to Funafuti; in 1915, Funafuti, along with the rest of the Ellice Islands, were incorporated into the Gilbert and Ellice Islands as a crown colony.[4] In October 1942, during World War II, Funafuti was occupied by American forces to serve as a strategic staging ground for the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign.[5] Over the course of the war, the Americans dredged Funafuti's lagoon harbor and established the atoll's airfield, now known as Funafuti International Airport. In October 1972, Cyclone Bebe struck Funafuti, causing extensive damage; despite this Funafuti was chosen as the administrative capital of the newly founded nation of Tuvalu in 1978. As the capital of Tuvalu, Funafuti is by far the most urbanized atoll in the country, and is the hub of governmental, administrative, and economic activities.[6]
The atoll consists of a narrow sweep of land between 20 ۽ 400 ميٽر (66 ۽ 1٬312 فٽ) wide, encircling a large lagoon (Te Namo) 18 km (11 ميل) long and 14 km (9 ميل) wide. The average depth of the Funafuti lagoon is about 20 fathom (120 ft; 37 m).[7] With a surface area of 275 ڪلوميٽرزچورس (106.2 sq mi), it is by far the largest lagoon in Tuvalu. The land area of the 33 islets around the atoll of Funafuti totals 2.4 ڪلوميٽرزچورس (0.9 sq mi); taken together, they constitute less than one percent of the total area of the atoll.
Much of Funafuti is less than one meter above sea level, making it highly susceptible to flooding. Projections indicate that by 2050, around half of the land area of Funafuti could be submerged during high tides as a result of rising sea levels, and by 2100, as much as 95% of the land may be flooded regularly.[8]
The capital of Tuvalu is sometimes said to be Fongafale or Vaiaku, but, officially, the entire atoll of Funafuti is its capital,[9] since it has a single government that is responsible for the whole atoll.
حوالا
[سنواريو]- ↑ "Maps of Tuvalu", حاصل ڪيل 15 January 2021۔
- ↑ Lal, Andrick. South Pacific Sea Level & Climate Monitoring Project – Funafuti atoll. SPC Applied Geoscience and Technology Division (SOPAC Division of SPC). http://www.pacificdisaster.net/oip/FinalReport/Annex/3_Survey%20LDP/Survey_Diagrams_JPACE-TV.pdf. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
- ↑ "Population of communities in Tuvalu", Thomas Brinkhoff, 2017, حاصل ڪيل 27 September 2020۔
- ↑ Roberts, R. G. (1958). "TE ATU TUVALU: A Short History of the Ellice Islands". The Journal of the Polynesian Society 67 (4): 394–423. ISSN 0032-4000. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20703694.
- ↑ Macdonald, Barrie (2001) (en ۾). Cinderellas of the Empire: Towards a History of Kiribati and Tuvalu. editorips@usp.ac.fj. ISBN 978-982-02-0335-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=Yeu4MnVVss0C&q=Funafuti.
- ↑ Fainu, Kalolaine (2023-06-27). "Facing extinction, Tuvalu considers the digital clone of a country" (en-GB ۾). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jun/27/tuvalu-climate-crisis-rising-sea-levels-pacific-island-nation-country-digital-clone.
- ↑ Coates, A. (1970). Western Pacific Islands. H.M.S.O.. pp. 349.
- ↑ "Tuvalu unveils Long-Term Adaptation Plan at COP27, a vision for a safe, climate-resilient future", Tuvalu Coastal Adaptation Project (ٻولي ۾ en-US), 15 نومبر 2022, حاصل ڪيل 06 سيپٽمبر 2024۔
- ↑ "Tuvalu country brief", Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, March 2020, حاصل ڪيل 3 March 2020۔