دريائي ڊيلٽا
دريائي ڊيلٽا (River Delta) هڪ زميني شڪل, جيڪا عام طور تي ٽڪنڊي آهي جيڪا تلڇن جي جمع ٿيڻ سان پيدا ٿئي ٿي. جيڪي درياءَ جي پاڻيءَ ذريعي کڻي ويندا آهن. جتي درياهه سست رفتاري سان هلندڙ پاڻيءَ جي جسم سان يا بيٺل پاڻيءَ جي جسم سان ملي ٿو. دريائي ڊيلٽا جي تخليق درياءَ جي مُنهن تي ٿيندي آهي. جتي درياهه سمنڊ يا هڪ درياهه ۾ ضم ٿئي ٿو. هڪ ڍنڍ ۾. هڪ ذخيري ۾ يا (وڌيڪ گهٽ) ٻئي درياهه ۾, جيڪو کارائيندڙ درياهه پاران فراهم ڪيل تلڇ کي کڻي نٿو سگهي, ۾ ضم ٿئي ٿو. اصطلاحي طور تي, دريائي ڊيلٽا جو اصطلاح وڏي يوناني اکر ڊيلٽا (Δ) جي ٽڪنڊي شڪل مان نڪتل آهي. هائيڊرولاجي ۾ دريائي ڊيلٽا جا طول و عرض واٽر شيڊ جي عملن (جيڪي تلڇن کي فراهم ڪن ٿا) ۽ واٽر شيڊ جي عملن (جيڪي فراهم ڪيل تلڇن کي ٻيهر ورهائين ٿا، الڳ ڪن ٿا ۽ وصول ڪندڙ بيسن ۾ برآمد ڪن ٿا) جي وچ ۾ توازن سان طئي ڪيا ويندا آهن.
A river delta is a landform, typically triangular, created by the deposition of the sediments that are carried by the waters of a river, where the river merges with a body of slow-moving water or with a body of stagnant water.[1][2] The creation of a river delta occurs at the river mouth, where the river merges into an ocean, a sea, or an estuary, into a lake, a reservoir, or (more rarely) into another river that cannot carry away the sediment supplied by the feeding river. Etymologically, the term river delta derives from the triangular shape (Δ) of the uppercase Greek letter delta. In hydrology, the dimensions of a river delta are determined by the balance between the watershed processes that supply sediment and the watershed processes that redistribute, sequester, and export the supplied sediment into the receiving basin.[3][4]
River deltas are important in human civilization, as they are major agricultural production centers and population centers.[5] They can provide coastline defence and can impact drinking water supply.[6] They are also ecologically important, with different species' assemblages depending on their landscape position. On geologic timescales, they are also important carbon sinks.[7]
- ↑ Miall, A. D. 1979. Deltas. in R. G. Walker (ed) Facies Models. Geological Association of Canada, Hamilton, Ontario.
- ↑ Elliot, T. 1986. Deltas. in H. G. Reading (ed.). Sedimentary Environments and Facies. Backwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
- ↑ Blum, M.D.; Törnqvist, T.E. (2000). "Fluvial Responses to Climate and Sea-level Change: A Review and Look Forward". Sedimentology 47: 2–48. doi:. Bibcode: 2000Sedim..47....2B.
- ↑ Pasternack, Gregory B.; Brush, Grace S.; Hilgartner, William B. (2001-04-01). "Impact of historic land-use change on sediment delivery to a Chesapeake Bay subestuarine delta" (en ۾). Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26 (4): 409–427. doi:. ISSN 1096-9837. Bibcode: 2001ESPL...26..409P.
- ↑ Schneider, Pia; Asch, Folkard (2020). "Rice production and food security in Asian Mega deltas—A review on characteristics, vulnerabilities and agricultural adaptation options to cope with climate change" (en ۾). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 206 (4): 491–503. doi:. ISSN 1439-037X. Bibcode: 2020JAgCS.206..491S.
- ↑ Anthony, Edward J. (2015-03-01). "Wave influence in the construction, shaping and destruction of river deltas: A review". Marine Geology 361: 53–78. doi:. Bibcode: 2015MGeol.361...53A.
- ↑ Hage, Sophie; Romans, Brian W.; Peploe, Thomas G. E.; Poyatos-Moré, Miquel; Haeri Ardakani, Omid; Bell, Daniel; Englert, Rebecca G.; Kaempfe-Droguett, Sebastian A. et al. (24 October 2022). "High rates of organic carbon burial in submarine deltas maintained on geological timescales". Nature Geoscience 15 (1): 919–924. doi:. Bibcode: 2022NatGe..15..919H. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-022-01048-4. Retrieved 19 April 2023.